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Fluoride varnish is a highly concentrated form of fluoride which is applied to the tooth's surface, by a dentist, dental hygienist or other health care professional, as a type of topical fluoride therapy.〔Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services. (2007). (Other Fluoride Products. ) Page accessed 17 February, 2008〕 It is not a permanent varnish but due to its adherent nature it is able to stay in contact with the tooth surface for several hours.〔Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services. (2007). (Other Fluoride Products. ) Page accessed 17 February, 2008〕 It may be applied to the enamel, dentine or cementum of the tooth and can be used to help prevent decay, remineralise the tooth surface and to treat dentine hypersensitivity. There are more than 30 fluoride-containing varnish products on the market today, and they have varying compositions and delivery systems. These compositional differences lead to widely variable pharmacokinetics, the effects of which remain largely untested clinically. Fluoride varnishes are relatively new in the United States, but they have been widely used in western Europe, Canada, and the Scandinavian countries since the 1980s as a dental caries prevention therapy. They are recognised by the Food and Drug Administration for use as desensitising agents, but, currently, not as an anti-decay agent.〔(Other Fluoride Products. ) Page accessed 17 February, 2008〕 Both Canadian and European studies have reported that fluoride varnish is as effective in preventing tooth decay as professionally applied fluoride gel; however, it is not in widespread use for this purpose.〔Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services. (2007). (Other Fluoride Products. )〕 Fluoride varnish is composed of a high concentration of fluoride as a salt or silane preparation in a fast drying, alcohol and resin based solution.〔Marya, C and Dahiya V. (Fluoride Varnish: A Useful Dental Public Health Tool ), The Internet Journal of Dental Science 2007;4(2). Page accessed 17 February, 2008.〕The concentration, form of fluoride, and dispensing method may vary depending on the manufacturer. While most fluoride varnishes contain 5% sodium fluoride at least one brand of fluoride varnish contains 1% difluorsilane in a polyurethane base〔">〕 and one brand contains 2.5% sodium fluoride that has been milled to perform similar to 5% sodium fluoride products〔http://www.elevateoralcare.com/dentist/FluoriMax〕 in a shellac base. ==Application procedure== *Although it is not necessary to do a professional prophylaxis prior to the application of a fluoride varnish, it is recommended that the teeth be cleaned with a toothbrush. *Wiping with a cotton gauze is adequate in cases where there is no heavy plaque or debris. *The teeth should be lightly dried with air or a cotton gauze. *The varnish will adhere even if the teeth are moist. *Isolate the teeth (e.g. with cotton rolls) to prevent recontamination with saliva *A small amount of varnish (e.g. 0.5ml) is dispensed. The entire dentition may be treated with as little as 0.3-0.6 ml. *Some manufacturers offer individual dose systems which come with their own varnish filled well. *A small brush or applicator is then used to apply the varnish *The varnish will set on contact with the slightly moist teeth *The patient is instructed to avoid brushing for the rest of the day. Normal oral hygiene procedures can begin again the following day. *As a result of the time needed for frequent reloading of the brush/applicator, Hodgson (2005) has suggested an alternative technique utilizing a 5 ml plastic syringe. This method allows a more efficient application of the varnish which can be particularly useful in cases where speed is important, such as with a difficult pediatric patient. *In order to be effective in decay prevention the varnish should be reapplied at least twice yearly.〔Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services. (2007). (Other Fluoride Products. ) Page accessed 17 February 2008〕 Some newer products that use shellac resins are provided in flow through applicators that can be applied to wet teeth without leaving the mouth to re-load the brush, and require no diet restrictions for patients after application.〔http://www.elevateoralcare.com/dentist/FluoriMax〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fluoride varnish」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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